Week 2: Reading

Required Readings:

* Gentry, C.G. (1995). Educational Technology: a question of meaning. In G.J. Anglin (Ed.), Instructional Technology: Past, Present, and Future, 2nd ed. (pp. 1-10). Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.

* Seels, B.B. & Richey, R.C. (1994). The 1994 definition of the field. In Instructional Technology: The Definition and Domains of the Field (pp. 1-22). Washington, D.C.: Association for Educational Communications and Technology. Optional Reading:

* AECT (1977). The Definition of Educational Technology, ch. I and II. Washington DC: AECT. 

Week 3: Reading

Readings: Required Readings:

* Pershing & Lee, Employment profiles and compensation for educational technologist - 

* Dolezalek, 2004 Salary Survey -

* Web sites on IT jobs and Professional Organizations (see Additional Resources - next post)

Week 4: Reading

Required Readings:

* Morrison, Kemp & Ross (2004) Designing Effective Instruction, 4th ed., Chapter 1, Introduction to the instructional design process

* Schiffman, (1995). Instructional systems design: Five views of the field. In G.J. Anglin (Ed.), Instructional Technology: past, present, and future 2nd ed. (pp. 131 - 142) 

* Molenda, Pershing & Reigeluth (1996), Designing instructional systems. In Craig (ed.) The ASTD Training and Development Handbook. NY: McGraw-Hill - R511 Electronic Reserves (pages 266-280 only) 

Optional Reading:

* Dick, Carey & Carey (2001), The Systematic Design of Instruction, 5th ed. Chapter 1, Introduction to instructional design -R511 Electronic Reserves (pages 266-280 only) 

Week 5: Reading

Week 5: Resources Total Messages: 1 Required Readings:

* Molenda, M. and Pershing, J.A. (2004). The Strategic Impact Model: An integrative approach to performance improvement and instructional systems design. TechTrends 48:2 (March-April), pp. 26-32. 

* Wile, D. (1996). Why doers do. Performance & Instruction, 35:1, 30-35.

* Van Tiem, Mosely, & Dessinger (2000). Fundamentals of Performance Technology. Washington DC: ISPI, chapters 1-2. 

* Rosenberg, M. (1996) Human performance technology. In Craig, R.L. (Ed.) 

* Rosenberg, Marc J.; Coscarelli, William C. and Hutchison, Cathleen Smith. (1999). 

Additional Resources:

* Websites related to performance technology, beginning with: www.ispi.org

* Gilbert, T.F. (1978). Human competence: Engineering worthy performance. New York: McGraw-Hill. *

*Harold Stolovitch & Erica Keeps (Eds.). (1999). Handbook of Human Performance Technology (2nd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass/Pfeiffer. 

Week 6: Reading

Required Readings:

* Heinich, Molenda, Russell, & Smaldino, (2002). Chapter 1, Media, Technology, and Learning. In Instructional Media and Technologies for Learning, 7th ed. Columbus, OH: Merrill Prentice-Hall. 

* Seels, B.B. & Glasgow, Z. (1990) Psychological basis for instructional design, Ch. 2 in Exercises in Instructional Design. Columbus: Merrill. 

* Dale, E. (1946). Effective Learning. Pp. 12-23 in Audio-Visual Methods in Teaching. New York: Dryden Press (Holt, Rinehart, and Winston). 

* Zemke, R. (1999, July). Toward a science of training. Training 36:7, 32-36. A summary of the major contributions of Robert Gagne to instructional theory and instructional design. 

Optional Reading:

* Driscoll, M. (2000). Chapter 1, Introduction to theories of learning and instruction. In Psychology of Learning for Instruction, 2nd ed. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. 

* Driscoll, M.P. (2000). Chapter 10. Gagne`s theory of instruction. In Psychology of Learning for Instruction, 2nd ed. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 341-372 

* Explorations in Learning & Instruction, the Theory into Practice Database: http://tip.psychology.org/ Week 6 Deliverable Total Messages: 0 

Week 7: Reading

Required Readings:

Driscoll, M.P. (2000) Radical Behaviorism. Chapter 2 in Psychology of Learning for Instruction. Allyn & Bacon. Pages 31-70.

Saettler, P. (1990). Behaviorism and educational technology: 1950 - 1980. Ch. 10 in The Evolution of American Educational Technology (pp. 286 317). Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.

Heinich, Molenda, Russell, & Smaldino. (2002). Excerpt from Ch. 2, Technologies for Learning. In Instructional Media and Technologies for Learning, 7th ed. Columbus OH: Merrill Prentice-Hall. Pages 42-47.

Foshay, R (July 2001). Is Behaviorism dead? Should HPT care? ISPI News & Notes, 1-2. And Brethower, D. (September 2001). Is Behaviorism dead? A response to Foshay. ISPI News & Notes, 1-2.

Optional Reading:

Skinner, B.F. (1954) The science of learning and the art of teaching. Harvard Educational Review 24:1: 86-97.

Skinner, B.F. (1968). Why teachers fail. Chapter 5 in The Technology of Teaching. New York: Appleton Century Crofts.

Burton, John K., Moore, David M., and Magliaro, Susan G. (2004). Behaviorism and instructional technology. In David H. Jonassen (Ed.). Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology, 2nd Ed. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Engelmann, S. (1997). Direct instruction. In C.R. Dills & A.J. Romiszowski (Eds) Instructional Development Paradigms. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications, pp. 371-390.

Direct Instruction, also sometimes known as Programmed Teaching, is a template designed by Engelmann to implement operant conditioning principles in group instruction. Students are continuously actively engaged, and their performance is monitored by a teacher (instead of a machine) and appropriately reinforced. Still gaining adherents, Direct Instruction has consistently outperformed conventional instruction in side-by-side comparisons.

More information on Direct Instruction and schools in which it is used:
http://www.nifdi.org/
http://www.jefflindsay.com/EducData.shtml
http://www.catalyst-chicago.org/09-96/096main.htm#Variety
http://www.edisonschools.com/design/d15.html

Week 8: Readings

Required Readings:

Choose one of the two by Silber:

Foshay, Silber, & Stelnicki. (2003). Chapters 1 and 2 in Writing Training Materials That Work.

-or-

Silber, K. (1998). Cognitive approach to training development: A practitioner's assessment. ETR&D 46:4, pp. 58-72.

Driscoll, M.P. (2000). Gagne's Theory of Instruction. Ch. 10 in Psychology of Learning for Instruction, 2nd ed. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 341-372.

Driscoll, M.P. (2000). Constructivism. Ch. 11 in Psychology of Learning for Instruction, 2nd ed. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 373-396.

Optional Reading:

Wildman, T.M. (1981, July). Cognitive theory and the design of instruction. Educational Technology 21:7, 14-20.

Winn, W. (2004). Cognitive perspectives in psychology. In D.J. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology, 2nd ed. (pp. 79-112). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Duffy, T.M., & Cunningham, D.J. (1996). Constructivism: implications for the design and delivery of instruction. In D.J. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of Research for Educational Communications and Technology (pp. 170 198). New York: Macmillan Library Reference USA.

Airasian, P. & Walsh, M.. (1997, Feb.) Constructivist cautions. Phi Delta Kappan 78:6, 444-449.

Molenda, M. Cognitivism and Constructivism. Excerpt from pre-publication manuscript.

Brown, Collins, & Duguid (1989), Situated cognition and the culture of learning.

Additional Resources:

• Driscoll, M.P. (2000). Psychology of learning for instruction (2nd ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
• Theory Into Practice (TIP) http://tip.psychology.org/index.html
• The Cognitive System http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/cogsys/cogsys.html
• Cognitivism http://www.cocc.edu/cbuell/theories/cognitivism.htm
• An Information Processing Model http://studytips.aac.ohiou.edu/?Function=memory&Type=infoProcess
• Celebrities in Cognitive Science http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~mryder/itc_data/cogsci.html
• Constructivism http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~mryder/itc_data/constructivism.html
• Socio-Cultural Theory http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~mryder/itc_data/soc_cult.html
• Learning Environments http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~mryder/itc_data/le.html

Week 9: Readings

Readings:

Required Readings:

Ertmer, P.A. & Newby, T.J. (1993). Behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism: comparing critical features from an instructional design perspective. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 6(4), 50-72.

Heinich, R.; Molenda, M.; Russell, J. & Smaldino, S. (1999) Media and Instruction, Ch. 1 in Instructional Media and Technologies for Learning, 6th edition. Columbus: Merrill.

Merrill, M.D. (2002). First principles of instruction. Educational Technology Research and Development 50:3, 43-59.

Optional Reading:

Bednar, A.K., Cunningham, D., Duffy, T.M., & Perry, J.D. (1991). Theory into practice: How do we Link? In G. Anglin (ed.), Instructional Technology: Past, Present and Future. Denver, CO: Libraries Unlimited.

Dick, Walter (1997). "Better Instructional Design Theory: Process Improvement or Reengineering?" Educational Technology, Sept/Oct. 1997, 47-50.

Reigeluth, Charles M. (1997)."Instructional Theory, Practitioner Needs, and New Directions: Some Reflections." Educational Technology Jan-Feb 1997, pp. 42-47.

von Glasersfeld, Ernst. (1992, August). "Aspects of Radical Constructivism and its Educational Recommendations," paper presented at ICMe-7, Working Group #4, Quebec.

Week 11: Readings

Readings:

Readings:

Required Readings:

Bichelmeyer, B. & Molenda M. (in press). Issues and trends in instructional technology: Slow growth as economy recovers. To be published in Educational Media and Technology Yearbook 2005: Volume 30. Englewood, Co: Libraries Unlimited.

Optional Reading:

Galvin, T. (2003, October). 2003 industry report. Training, 21-45.

Rukeyser, William L. (2000) Testimony to the Web-Based Education Commission.

Cuban, Kirkpatrick, & Peck (2001). High access and low use of technologies in high school classrooms: Explaining an apparent paradox. American Educational Research Journal 38:4, 813-834.

Week 12: Readings

Readings:

Required Readings:

Zemke, R. and Rossett, A. (2002). A hard look at ISD. Training, February, 27-35.

Dick, W. (1997, Sept.-Oct.). Better instructional design theory: Process improvement or reengineering? Educational Technology 37:5, 47-50.

Willis, J. (1998, May-June). Alternative instructional design paradigms: What's worth discussing and what isn't. Educational Technology 38:3, 5-16

Optional Reading:

Performance Improvement 41:7, August 2002

Willis, J. & Wright, K.E. (2000, March-April). A general set of procedures for constructivist instructional design: The new R2D2 Model. Educational Technology 40:2, 5-20.

McCombs, Barbara. (1986) "The ISD Model: Review of those Factors Critical to Its Successful Implementation" ECTJ 34:2, Summer, 67-81.

C.R. Dills & A.J. Romiszowski (Eds) (1997). Instructional Development Paradigms. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications.

ITforum - http://it.coe.uga.edu/itforum/index.html

Week 13: Readings

Readings:

Required Readings:

Reiser, R.A. (2002). A history of instructional design and technology. Chapter 3 in Reiser, R.A. and Dempsey, J.V. (ed's) Trends and issues in instructional design and technology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill Prentice Hall, pp. 26-53

Dale, E. (1946). Effective Learning. From Chapter 1 in Audio-Visual Methods in Teaching. New York: Dryden Press (Holt, Rinehart, and Winston).

Dale, E. (1946). The Cone of Experience. Chapter 4 in Audio-Visual Methods in Teaching. New York: Dryden Press (Holt, Rinehart, and Winston).

Saettler, P. (1990). Beginnings of a science and technology of instruction: 1900 - 1950. Ch.3 in The Evolution of American Educational Technology (pp. 53 86). Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.

Optional Reading:

Shrock, S.A. (1995). A brief history of instructional development. In G.J. Anglin (ed.) Instructional Technology: Past, Present, and Future, 2nd ed. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited, pp. 11-18.

Molenda, M. (2004, January-February). Reader Comments: On the origins of the "retention chart:" An addendum to Subramony. Educational Technology, p. 64.

Rosenberg, M. J.; Coscarelli, W.C.; and Hutchison, C.S. (1999) The origins and evolution of the (performance technology) field. Ch. 2 in Stolovitch & Keeps (Eds) Handbook of Human Performance Technology, 2nd ed. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

Week 14: Readings

Readings:

Required Readings:

Saettler, P. (1990). Early forerunners: Before 1900. Ch. 2 in The Evolution of American Educational Technology (pp. 23 52). Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.

Heinich, R.; Molenda, M.; Russell, J. & Smaldino, S. (1999) That Incomparable Moravian, pp. 70-71 in Instructional Media and Technologies for Learning, 6th edition. Columbus: Merrill.

Founding Theorists and Practitioners of Educational Technology - Created by John Keller - http://php.indiana.edu/~jbkeller/R511/start.html

Paul Saettler's A History of Instructional Technology (1968) or The Evolution of American Educational Technology (1990).

Confucianism and the Chinese Scholastic System - http://www.csupomona.edu/~plin/ls201/confucian2.html

Week 15: Readings

Readings:

Required Readings:

AECT. (2001) A Code of Professional Ethics: A guide to professional conduct in the field of Educational Communications and Technology. Bloomington, IN: AECT.

ISPI Code of Ethics.

Find the ISPI Code of Ethics at the ISPI website: www.ispi.org. Click on "HPT and HPT Education." Or go directly to the PDF file: http://www.certifiedpt.org/forms/Code%20of%20Ethics.pdf

Burns et al., Standards on ethics and integrity. (1999). Performance Improvement Quarterly 12:3, 5-30

Dean, P.J. (1999) The relevance of standards and ethics for the human performance technology profession. Chapter 33 in Stolovitch & Keeps (Eds.) Handbook of Human Performance Technology, 2nd ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, pp. 698-712.

Additional Resources:

Ethics in Computing: http://ethics.csc.ncsu.edu/

Tim Hatcher's award-winning book on Ethics in HRD: http://shrmstore.shrm.org/shrm/product.asp?dept_id=18&pf_id=48.25006